由于多数国外读者不能看懂论著全文,所以,医学论文英文摘要应该忠实于中文摘要,特别要求信息内涵上的相等。然而,许多摘要都存在着中文与英文意思相近却不对应的现象,导致英文摘要不能充分传递论文信息,影响了交流的准确性。请看下列译文在“忠实”上的问题。
例一:探讨血压负荷在原发性高血压(EH)患者早期左心功能损害中的预测价值。选择40例I . II期EH患者进行24h动态血压监测、超声心动图检测,分析血压负荷特征及其与左房射血力(LAEF)、左房分数缩短率(LAFS)的相关关系;另选择40名年龄相当、血压正常的健康者作为对照。
与其对应的英文摘要原文如下:
This study investigated forty patients with essential hyperten-sion(hypertensive group) and forty age一。latched normotensivesubject(control group) with ambulatory blood pressure monitor-ing and ec;hoc;ardiography. We try to assess the predictive value ofblood pressure load in evaluating earlier changes of left atrial fun。一tion of patients with essential hypertension. Left atrial ejectionforce, left atrial fractional shortening were measured.
表而上看原译文与原中文摘要的意义相近,但实际上原译文没有做到“忠实”于原文,它与原中文摘要的口的句(划线句子)、方法句不对应,误传了原中文摘要的信息原文的口的与方法应译为“To assess the predictive value of blood pressure loadin evaluating earlier changes of left atrial function of patients withessential hypertension. Forty patients with essential hypertension(hypertensive group) and 40 age一。latched normotensive subject(control group) were studied with ambulatory blood pressure moni-toring and ec;hoc;ardiography. The frequency of abnormal bloodpressure in different range was defined as blood pressure load(BPL).Left atrial ejection force(LAEF},left atrial fractionalshortening(LAFS) were measured.”。
其实,与文学翻译的“忠实”标准相比,医学论文摘要的“忠实”标准相当宽松。它只要求译文读者获得的信息与原文读者获得的信息等值,原文的“口的(Objectives)、方法(M ethods)、结果( Results)和结论(Conclusion习”四部分的内容能够与译文一一对应。这是医学论文翻译最起码的原则。
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